Retention of Arthroscopic Shoulder Skills Learned with Use of a Simulator

Modern surgical practice is subject to increasing peer and public scrutiny. High-profile cases of adverse clinical events have led to improvements in systems for risk management, incident reporting, and monitoring of clinical practice and of patient outcomes1. In some countries, consultant surgeons are now required to obtain recertification to demonstrate their continuing capability to practice.

J Bone Joint Surg Am.

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Long-term outcome of frozen shoulder

Primary frozen shoulder is a common, severely debilitating condition that is frequently difficult to manage. Its prevalence is reported as 2-5%.4,10,20 The diagnosis of frozen shoulder is made on clinical grounds utilizing a set of criteria described by Codman.15 Shoulder stiffness may also occur after fracture or in association with joint diseases, such as osteoarthritis; this is commonly referred to as a secondary frozen shoulder.

J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2008 Mar-Apr;17(2):231-6. Epub 2007 Nov 12.

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The use of patient-reported outcome measures and patient satisfaction ratings to assess outcome in hemiarthroplasty of the shoulder

Degenerative changes in joints represent a significant health burden worldwide, and their prevalence is expected to rise. This will increase the demand for arthroplasty. Most developed countries have national joint registers monitoring the outcome of joint replacements. The results, generally presented as revision rates or formal survival analyses, represent outcomes and performance based on the use of revision as the endpoint.

J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2010 Aug;92(8):1107-11.

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Pathology of the torn rotator cuff tendon

Full thickness tears of the rotator cuff are among the most frequently encountered causes of pain and dysfunction in the shoulder. Since shoulder complaints are the third most frequent cause (after knee and spine) of musculoskeletal symptoms in the community, rotator cuff disease represents a significant health economic issue.

J Bone Joint Surg Br, Apr 2006; 88-B 489 - 495.

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The pathology of frozen shoulder

Primary frozen shoulder is a common, severely debilitating condition with a prevalence of between 2% and 5%.1-3 It is frequently difficult to manage. The diagnosis is made on clinical grounds. A set of diagnostic criteria were initially described by Codman in 19344 and still hold true today. They include pain in the shoulder which comes on slowly and is felt at the insertion of the deltoid, inability to sleep on the affected side, atrophy of the spinati, and little in the way of local tenderness.

J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2007 Jul;89(7):928-32.

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